Absorption by Root Class-10 Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Ch-4 . We Provide Solutions of Test yourself , MCQs, Very Short Answer Type, Short Answer Type of Exercise-4 Absorption by Root. All solutions are given as council prescribe guideline for next upcoming exam. Visit official Website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-10 Biology.
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
| Board | ICSE |
| Publications | Goyal Brothers publications |
| Subject | Biology |
| Class | 10th |
| Writer | Dr. K.K. Aggrawal |
| Chapter-4 | Absorption by Root |
| Topics | Solutions of Test yourself, MCQ, Very short and Short Answer Questions |
| Edition | for 2022-2023 Academic Session |
Note :- Before Viewing Goyal Brothers Solutions of Chapter-4 Absorption by Root. Read the whole chapter carefully with figure and make a self written note , highlight the important point.
Test Yourself-1
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-48)
1. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The root cap acts as a …………… Tissue.
(b) The apparatus used to demonstrate osmosis is called …………..
(c) Osmosis is the diffusion of …………… molecules only.
Answer :
(a) Protective
(b) Osmometer
(c) Solvent
2. Name the following:
(a) Flow of water from the cell to the Outer environment ……………
(b) The process in which died plant cells absorb water by surface tension …………….
(c) The diffusion of water molecules only ……………
Answer :
(a) Exo-osmosis
(b) imbibition
(c) through membrane
Test Yourself-2
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-53)
Name the following :
(i) Collective, they form the transport system throughout the entire plant. What does they refer to ?
(ii) The pressure developed in the roots due to continuous inward movement of water through cell to cell osmosis.
(iii) The State of a cell, in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume of vacuoles due to absorption of water.
(iv) The phenomenon of loss of water through a cut stem or injured part of plant .
(v) The solution, which keeps the size and shape of the cell unchanged.
Answer :
(i) vascular bundle
(ii) root pressure
(iii) turgor
(iv) bleeding
(v) isotonic
Test Yourself-3
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-54)
A. List at least five important roles of water and other minerals in plants.
1. ……Transportation……….
2. ……..Photosynthesis……..
3. ……..Transpiration………
4. ……..maintain plant temprature……….
5. …….mechanical function………..
B. List the process by which absorptions and upword conduction of water and other minerals occurs in roots of plants .
1. …..Active trnsport………..
2. …..Passive transport………..
3. …….osmosis……….
4. ……..root pressure……….
5. ……..transpiration pull……….
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-55)
Choose the most Appropriate Answer
1. A cell kept in a solution shrinks in size and loses its shape. The solution is
(a) hypertonic
(b) isotonic
(c) hypotonic
(d) pond water
Answer : (c) hypotonic
2. A shoot from a balsam plant is kept in an eosin solution (pink cultured) for 3-4 hours. The pink colour is likely to be seen in
(a) phloem tissue
(b) cortex
(c) xylem tissue
(d) endodermis
Answer : (c) xylem tissue
3. Osmosis is the diffusion of
(a) suspended particles from higher to lower concentration.
(b) suspended particles from lower to higher concentration.
(c) water from the less concentrated solution to the more concentrated solution.
(d) water from more concentrated solution to less concentrated solution.
Answer : (c) water from the less concentrated solution to the more concentrated solution.
4. The space between the cell wall and plasma membrane in a plasmolysed cell is filled with
(a) hypotonic solution
(b) isotonic solution
(c) water
(d) hypertonic solution
Answer : (a) hypotonic solution
5. A plant cell may burst when
(a) Turgor pressure equalizes wall pressure.
(b) Turgor pressure exceeds wall pressure.
(c) Wall pressure exceeds turgor pressure.
(d) None of the above
Answer :(c) Wall pressure exceeds turgor pressure.
B. VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-55)
Question 1. Name the following
(i) The movement of water molecules from the region of their higher concentration to lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
(ii) Pressure, through which water can rise up to some feet.
(iii) The tissues responsible for upward movement of water.
(iv) The process by which water enters root hairs.
(v) The condition of cell placed in hypertonic solution.
(vi) The process by which root hairs absorb water from the soil.
Answer :
(i) Osmosis
(ii) root pressure
(iii) xylem
(iv) osmosis
(v) plasmolysis
(vi) endoosmosi
Question 2. Complete the following statements by choosing the correct alternative out of those given in the brackets:
(i) Active transport is in a direction …………… to that of diffusion (same / opposite / transverse).
(ii) The outer layer of root hairs is made up of pectin and the inner layer of …………….. (cellulose / polysaccharide/mucopoly-
(iii) The shrinkage of protoplasm is called ………….. (plasmolysis / deplasmolysis/
(iv) Approximately 98% of the water is absorbed through …………….. (active absorption/passive absorption/plasmolysis).
(v) Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from its region of higher concentration to its region of lower concentration through a………. membrane (permeable / semipermeable/
Answer :
(i) opposite
(ii) cellulose
(iii) plasmolysis
(iv) active absorption
(v) semipermeable
Question 3. Give the specific function of the following structures:
(i) Xylem
(ii) Phloem
(iii) Root hairs
(iv) Stomata
Answer :
(i) upward movement of water and mineral
(ii) downward movement of food
(iii) absorption of water and minerals
(iv) transpiration
Question 4. The following paragraph is related to absorption of water from the soil. Copy and complete the following paragraph by selecting the correct word from those given in the box. You may use the term only once.
Exosmosis, Hypertonic, Osmosis, Isotonic, Hypotonic, Cortical, Endosmosis
Water enters the root hair from the soil by the process of ……Osmosis………. . This is because the solution in the soil is ….Hypotonic………. whereas the cell sap in the root hair cell is …….Hypertonic………… . The water then passes through the …..Endosmosis………… cells by cell to cell ……….Cortical,……. and reaches the xylem of the root.
Question 5. Match the following
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Diffusion | (a) Xylem |
| (ii) Semipermeable | (b) Osmosis |
| (iii) Diffusion of water | (c) Mixing of molecules |
| (iv) Upward flow of water | (d) Phloem |
| (v) Permeable | (e) Cell wall |
| (vi) Downward flow of food | (f) Cell membrane |
Answer :
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Diffusion | (c) Mixing of molecules |
| (ii) Semipermeable | (b) Osmosis |
| (iii) Diffusion of water | (f) Cell membrane |
| (iv) Upward flow of water | (a) Xylem |
| (v) Permeable | (e) Cell wall |
| (vi) Downward flow of food | (d) Phloem |
Question 6. Mention whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). In case of false, rewrite the correct form of the statement by changing the words underlined .
(i) Deplasmolysis is reverse of osmosis.
(ii) Dry seeds when soaked in water, swell up due to diffusion.
(iii) The leaves of a plant wilt on removing its xylem.
(iv) A plant cell placed in hypotonic solution gets plasmolysed.
(v) The cell wall of the root hair is a differentially permeable membrane.
Answer :
(i) False, plasmolysis is reverse of osmosis.
(ii) False, Dry seeds when soaked in water, swell up due to imbibition
(iii) True.
(iv) False, A plant cell placed in hypertonic solution gets plasmolysed.
(v) True
C. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Ch-4 Absorption by Root Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-56)
Question 1. Define the following terms
(i) Osmosis
(ii) Imbibition
(iii) Turgor pressure
(iv) Ascent of sap
(v) Turgidity
(vi) Diffusion
Answer :
(i) the spontaneous passage or diffusion of water or other solvents through a semipermeable membrane (one that blocks the passage of dissolved substances
(ii) It is a phenomenon of absorption of water molecules or any liquid molecules by hydrophilic or lipophilic substances of the cell making them swell.
(iii) Pressure exerted by fluid in a cell that presses the cell membrane against the cell wall. Turgor is what makes living plant tissue rigid. Loss of turgor, resulting from the loss of water from plant cells, causes flowers and leaves to wilt
(iv) The ascent of sap in the xylem tissue of plants is the upward movement of water and minerals from the root to the aerial parts of the plant. The conducting cells in xylem are typically non-living and include, in various groups of plants, vessel members and tracheids
(v) Turgidity is the point at which the cell’s membrane pushes against the cell wall, which is when turgor pressure is high. When the cell has low turgor pressure, it is flaccid. In plants, this is shown as wilted anatomical structures. This is more specifically known as plasmolysis
(vi) Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration . Diffusion occurs in liquids and gases when their particles collide randomly and spread out. Diffusion is an important process for living things – it is how substances move in and out of cells.
Question 2. Differentiate between :
(i) Turgidity and Flaccidity
(ii) Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis
(iii) Hypotonic solution and Hypertonic solution
(iv) Turgor pressure and Wall pressure
Answer :
(i) Turgidity refers to the state of being turgid or swollen due to high fluid content inside the cell. Flaccidity: Flaccidity refers to the state between turgidity and plasmolysis in which the plasma membrane is not pushed against the cell wall.
(ii) Plasmolysis usually refers to loss of protoplasm or water from the cell and deplasmolysis refers to the entrance of water into the cell. Plasmolysis is the breakdown of the plasma under the hypertonic solution and the deplasmolysis occurs due to deposition of plasma in the cell wall
(iii) 1. Hypotonic solutions have less solutes and more solvent while hypertonic solutions have more solutes and less solvent. 2. Hypotonic solutions cause the cell to swell because it promotes shifting of water into it while hypertonic solutions cause the cell to shrink because it pulls the water out of the cell.
(iv) The primary difference between the two is that: Wall pressure is the pressure applied by the cell wall on the cell’s contents. Turgor pressure is the pressure which is exerted by the cytoplasm on the cell wall.
Question 3. Explain why:
(i) Lawn grass is killed if salt is sprinkled on it.
(ii) Potato cubes when placed in water become firm and increase in size.
(iii) Resins swell up when kept in water.
(iv) Freshwater fish cannot survive in sea water.
(v) Plants begin to die when excess of soluble fertilisers are added to the soil.
(vi) Wilted lettuce leaves become crisp/firm when placed in cold water for a while.
(vii) Much salt is added to pickles.
Answer :
(i) common salt is sprinkled on the grass, then it dies because adding salt results in loss of water from the grass cells due to exosmosis. … this results in excessive loss of water from the cell resulting in cell death
(ii) The potato cell has cell sap more in concentration inside the cell than in the surrounding water. So due to this, endosmosis occurs which results in the transfer of water molecule: that is solvent from lower concentration to the higher concentration, this result in making the cell firm
(iii) A phenomenon called endosmosis takes place when raisins are placed in water for few hours. When raisins are soaked in water, they swell. All this is due to the process of osmosis. The water molecules pass the cell membrane of the raisins and the raisins thus get swollen.
(iv) The sea water is saline having more concentration of salts and acts as hypertonic solution for the fresh water. So fresh water fish cannot survive in sea water as it causes the plasmolysis of the cells of the fish and ultimately the fish will die.
(v) Excess application of soluble fertilisers in the soil makes the soil solution hypertonic as compared to the cell sap, and exosmosis takes place. Plants suffer water loss. Therefore, plants begin to die when excess of soluble fertilisers are added to the soil
(vi) The leaves of wilted lettuce are plasmolysed which when kept in the water get deplasmolysed and become turgid. Hence the leaves become crisp
(vi) When we cut the vegetables or raw fruits into pieces, the common salt is added and which further takes out the water present in them (due to the process of osmosis) and dries the pieces. Bacteria can not multiply in the absence of water and hence salt acts as a preservative.
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