Basic Idea of Human Evolution Class-10 Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Biology Solutions Ch-14. We Provide Solutions of Test yourself , MCQs, Very Short Answer, Short Answer of Exercise-14 Basic Idea of Human Evolution. All solutions are given as council prescribe guideline for next upcoming exam. Visit official Website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-10 Biology.
Basic Idea of Human Evolution Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions Ch-14
| Board | ICSE |
| Publications | Goyal Brothers publications |
| Subject | Biology |
| Class | 10th |
| Writer | Dr. K.K. Aggrawal |
| Chapter-14 | Basic Idea of Human Evolution |
| Topics | Solutions of MCQ, Very short and Short Answer Questions |
| Edition | for 2022-2023 Academic Session |
Test Yourself-1
Ch-14 Basic Idea of Human Evolution Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-206)
Question: Identify and name the ancestors of humans :
(i) They were about 1 metre in height and 18 kg in weight …………..
(ii) Their fossils have been discovered from Tanzania ……………..
(iii) They were much stronger than man………….
(iv) The Java and Peking Man…………
Answer :
(i) Homo neanderthalensis
(ii) Homo habilis
(iii) Homo erectus
(iv) Pithecanthropus erectus (Java Man) and Synanthropes pokiness (Peking Man)
Test Yourself-2
Ch-14 Basic Idea of Human Evolution Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-211)
Question: Fill in the blanks :
(i) The internal factors of life tend to ……….. continuously the size of an organism.
(ii) Various organs become greatly ……….. through their use.
(iii) When an organism’s environment changes, it …………. also change.
(iv) Charles Darwin examined the organisms in his ship named ……………….
(v) Only the better species withstand the …………….. conditions.
Answer :
(i) growth, metabolism, reproduction, self-organize,
(ii) he brain, the heart, the lungs, the kidneys, and the liver
(iii) Stimulus
(iv) Beagle
(v) Survival of the fittest
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE
Ch-14 Basic Idea of Human Evolution Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-211)
Question: A. CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE ANSWER
1. Which of the following was not more taller than 4 feet?
(a) Homo erectus
(b) Homo habitis
(c) Neanderthal
(d) Australopithecus
Answer : Australopithecus
2. The characteristic of the face of Cro-Magnon is
(a) sloping forehead
(b) longer arms
(c) a large chin
(d) very large brain
Answer : very large brain
3. Neanderthal has a large brain but a weak
(a) memory
(b) body
(c) neck
(d) skeleton
Answer : skeleton
4. Lamarck gave an example of an animal to show the use of an organ. This animal was
(a) Zebra
(b) Giraffe
(c) Cat
(d) Moth
Answer : Giraffe
5. Which of the following is not a vestigial organ?
(a) Epiglottis
(b) Vermiform appendix
(c) Ear pinna
(d) Nictitating membrane
Answer : Epiglottis
B. VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Ch-14 Basic Idea of Human Evolution Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-212)
Question 1. Match the following:
| (i) Dryopithecus | (a) Hairy but walked like a man |
| (ii) Ramapithecus | (b) Java and Peking Men |
| (iii) Australopithecus | (c) Man-like |
| (iv) Homo erectus | (d) Practices agriculture |
| (v) Homo sapiens | (e) Brain with 650-700cc capacity |
Answer :
| (i) Dryopithecus | (a) Brain with 650-700cc capacity |
| (ii) Ramapithecus | (b) Hairy but walked like a man |
| (iii) Australopithecus | (c) Man-like |
| (iv) Homo erectus | (d)Hairy but walked like a man |
| (v) Homo sapiens sapiens | (e) Practices agriculture |
Question 2. State the given statements True (T) or False (F) :
(i) Evolution is a sudden change.
(i) Homo habilis was taller and stronger than the modern man.
(ii) Darwin proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.
(iv) Darwin’s research ship was HMS Beagle.
(v) Neanderthal was an intelligent ancestor of modern human.
Answer :
(i) F
(ii) F
(iii) F
(iv) T
(v) F
C. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Ch-14 Basic Idea of Human Evolution Goyal Brothers Prakashan ICSE Class-10 Biology Solutions
(Page-212)
Question 1. Define the following:
(i) Vestigial organs
Answer: Vestigial organs are organs, tissues or cells in a body which are no more functional the way they were in their ancestral form of the trait. It is authentication of evolution and hence, were helpful in explaining adaptation.
(ii) Vermiform appendix
Answer: The vermiform appendix is a narrow, worm-shaped structure that protrudes from the posteromedial aspect of the cecum, 2 cm (or less) below the insertion of the ileum into the cecum. The appendix is located at the proximal root of the outer tinea coli of the cecum.
(iii) Wisdom teeth
Answer: The last tooth to come in at the back of each side of the upper and lower jaws. These teeth usually come in between 17 and 23 years of age, but not everyone has them. Also called third molar.
(iv) Ear pinna
Answer: The outer ear is composed of the visible part of the ear (pinna) and the ear canal. The cup-shaped pinna (PIN-uh) gathers sound waves from the environment and directs them into the ear canal.
Question 2. Give two features of each one:
(i) Neanderthals
Answer : Neanderthals two features of each one:
- They were short less than 150 cm in height.
- Very heavily built and strong body having curiously outward curved bones.
(ii) Homo erectus
Answer : Homo erectus two features of each one:
- The Homo erectus human species existed between the Homo habilis species and theNeanderthal men.
- They lived approximately 1.7 million years ago.
(iii) Homo sapiens sapiens
Answer : Homo sapiens sapiens two features of each one:
- Humans are bipedal, which means we use our rear limbs to move.
- We also have opposable thumbs, which enable us to grasp and handle objects.
(iv) Australopithecus
Answer : Australopithecus two features of each one:
- Australopithecus were bipedal, which means that they walked using two legs.
- They had a small brain and a long jaw.
Question 3. Give a brief of ‘Theory of Natural Selection’.
Answer : Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection:
- In 1859, Charles Robert Darwin published a book entitled “Origin of Species” where he gave his famous theory of evolution called Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection.
The Theory of Natural Selection can be explained as follows:
- Overproduction of offspring – All living organisms produce more offspring than can actually survive.
- The limited supply of food and shelter – Though organisms are produced in large numbers, the availability of food and shelter always remains constant; so there is a limited supply of food and shelter for all the offspring.
- Struggle for existence – Due to the limited resources available, there is competition for survival between members of the same species, between different species living in a place, and between the environmental factors.
- Survival of the fittest – Owing to the tough competition, only those organisms that are most fitted in life can survive while the weaker ones are removed and the number of organisms remains constant.
- Variations – Due to constant struggle and changes in the environment, the organisms must change themselves to adapt better; this is why no two organisms are exactly alike.
- Inheritance – Changes in a generation are always passed on to the next generations for better survival.
- Natural selection and inheritance of new species – Owing to the variations being inherited onto successive generations, new species are produced through natural selection.
Question 4. Who proposed the theory of inheritance of acquire characteristics. Give a short note.
Answer : Theory of acquired characteristics:
-
- The inheritance of acquired characteristics is a theory that physiological changes acquired during an organism’s lifetime can be passed down to the offspring.
- It is also known as adaptation theory, and its sometimes confused with Lamarckism, the evolutionary theory of French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.
- The elongated neck of the giraffe is a classical example to explain the theory of acquired characteristics.
- According to Lamarck’s theory, a giraffe’s neck could elongate over a lifetime of straining to reach high branches.
- The elongated neck of the giraffe which is an acquired trait is then inherited from one generation to another.
— : End of Goyal Brothers Class-10 Population and Related Problems in India ICSE Biology Solutions Ch-14 :–
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