Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi Goyal Brother Solutions ICSE Class-9 Ch-11. We Provide Solutions of Exercise-11 Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi Goyal Brother Prakashan ICSE Class-9 Ch-11. The solution contain All Type exercise question such as name the following, difference between , MCQs, Answer the question . Visit official Website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-9.
Goyal Brother Solutions ICSE Class-9 Ch-11 Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi
| Board | ICSE |
| Publications | Goyal Brother Prakashan |
| Subject | Biology |
| Class | 9th |
| Writer | Dr. S.K. Aggarwal |
| Ch-11 | Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi |
| Topics | Solutions of Exe-11 |
| Edition | for 2022-2023 Academic Session |
Goyal Brother Prakashan ICSE Class-9 Biology Solutions
Ch-11 Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi
(Page-110)
Questions 1. Give one word for each of the following:
(i) Association of fungi with roots of plants.– mycorrhizae
(ii) Conversion of ammonium compound with nitrates by bacteria.–Nitrification
Questions 2. Find the odd one out, and give reason in support of your answer:
(i) Formation of curd, leather industry, mushroom cultivation.– mushroom cultivation.
(ii) Baking of bread, mycorrhiza, formation of curd.– formation of curd.
Questions 3. Define the following terms:
(i) Nitrogen fixation– the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a combined form (such as ammonia) through chemical and especially biological action (such as that of soil rhizobia)
(ii) Nitrification– the oxidation (as by bacteria) of ammonium salts to nitrites and the further oxidation of nitrites to nitrates.
(iii) Mycorrhiza-– the symbiotic association of the mycelium of a fungus with the roots of a seed plant.
(iv) Biodeterioration– the breakdown of materials by microbial action.
(v) Spawning– Spawn is the eggs and sperm released or deposited into water by aquatic animals
(vi) Denitrification– Denitrification is the microbial process of reducing nitrate and nitrite to gaseous forms of nitrogen, principally nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen (N2).
Questions 4. Complete the following paragraph by filling in the blanks (i) to (ix) with appropriate words:
Serums contain (i) …………… substance of a particular (ii) ……………. and they are used as preventive measure against (iii) …………… invasions. To prepare serum, a small quantity of bacterial (iv) ………….. is injected into a healthy (v) ……………… . The animal body produces (vi) …………… to neutralise the effect of toxin. This process is repeated for several rounds and (vii) ………….. of such animal is taken out and on chilling, it clears as straw colour liquid (viii) ………………. . Snake bites are treated by producing anti-venom from the blood of (ix) ……………….. .
Answer : 1-antigenic 2-bacteria or virus 3-bacterial or viral or antigenic 4-antigen 5-animal or human 6-antibodies 7-antigen 8-blood 9-plasma
Questions 5. Explain the following terms:
(i) Botulism– Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin that attacks the body’s nerves. Symptoms of botulism usually start with weakness of the muscles that control the eyes, face, mouth, and throat. This weakness may spread to the neck, arms, torso, and legs.
(ii) Bioweapons– Biological and toxin weapons are either microorganisms like virus, bacteria or fungi, or toxic substances produced by living organisms that are produced and released deliberately to cause disease and death in humans, animals or plants.
Questions 6. Explain briefly the role of bacteria in nitrogen cycle.
Answer : Bacteria play a central role: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates. Bacteria of decay, which convert decaying nitrogen waste to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria, which convert ammonia to nitrates/nitrites.
Questions 7. List three harmful effects of bacteria.
Answer : Bacteria cause a number of diseases in humans and animals. Diseases like cholera, pneumonia, tuberculosis are caused by bacteria. It also causes food poisoning as it makes the food unfit to consume. It spoils leather and clothings.
Questions 8.
(i) List four uses of bacteria.
Ans– uses of bacteria
- Food processing.
- Biotechnology.
- Genetic engineering.
- Fibre retting
(ii) Why is it dangerous to use contaminated food?
Ans– Foodborne illnesses are usually infectious or toxic in nature and caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites or chemical substances entering the body through contaminated food. Chemical contamination can lead to acute poisoning or long-term diseases, such as cancer.
Questions 9. Describe the role of bacteria in:
(i) Medicine — In the pharmaceutical industry, bacteria are used to produce antibiotics, vaccines, and medically-useful enzymes. Most antibiotics are made by bacteria that live in soil. Actinomycetes such as Streptomyces produce tetracyclines, erythromycin, streptomycin, rifamycin and ivermectin.
(ii) agriculture– Bacteria provide large quantities of nitrogen to plants and nitrogen is often lacking in the soil. Many bacteria secrete enzymes in the soil to makes phosphorus more soluble and plant available.
(iii) industry– Anaerobic sugar fermentation reactions by various bacteria produce different end products. The production of ethanol by yeasts has been exploited by the brewing industry for thousands of years and is used for fuel production.
Questions 10. List three harmful effects of fungi.
Answer : (1) Plant Diseases: (2) Human Diseases: (3) Destruction of timber and timber products:
Questions 11. Name two diseases caused in plants by fungi.
Answer : anthracnose. black knot.
Questions 12. List four uses of fungi.
Answer : four uses of fungi
- They are a major source of citric acid (vitamin C).
- They produce antibiotics such as penicillin, which has saved countless lives.
- They ca n be genetically engineered to produce insulin and other human hormones.
- They are model research organisms.
Questions 13. Describe the role of bacteria and fungi in recycling of materials.
Answer : Humans use fungi for many purposes, including as food or in the preparation of food. Humans also use fungi for pest control. In addition, fungi can be used to produce citric acid, antibiotics, and human hormones. Fungi are model research organisms as well.
Questions 14. Describe three common methods of preservation of food.
Answer :
- Methods of food preservation: Chemical Method:
- Preservation by Common Salt:
- Preservation by Sugar:
- Preservation by Oil and Vinegar:
- Heat and Cold Treatments:
- Storage and Packing:
Questions 15. Name three chemicals used as food preservatives.
Answer : Benzoates (such as sodium benzoate, benzoic acid) Nitrites (such as sodium nitrite) Sulphites (such as sulphur dioxide)
–: End of Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi Goyal Brother :–
Return to:- ICSE Biology for Class 9 Goyal Brothers Prakashan solutions
thanks
