Endocrine System Class 10 Concise Short Answer ICSE Biology Selina Solutions Ch-12. In this article you will get the solutions of Short Answer Type Questions / Problems Visit official website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-10 Biology.
Endocrine System Class 10 Concise Short Answer ICSE Biology Selina Solutions Ch-12
| Board | ICSE |
| Subject | Biology |
| Class | 10 |
| Book | Selina Concise |
| Chapter-12 | Endocrine System |
| Topics | Solutions of Short Ans Type Questions |
Short Type Questions on Endocrine System
Page 163-164
Que-1: Mention the name of diseases based on the clues/ symptoms given below:
(a) Urine is loaded with sugar.
(b) Swelling in the neck.
(c) Dwarfism and mental retardation in children.
(d) Eyes are protruded.
(e) Excessive growth of bones in the face, hands and feet.
Ans:
(a) Hyperglycemia
(b) Simple goitre
(c) Cretinism
(d) Exophthalmic goitre
(e) Acromegaly in adults and gigantism in children
Que-2 Write the exact location of each of the following glands:
(a) Thyroid
(b) Adrenal
(c) Pancreas
(d) Pituitary
Ans:
(a) Thyroid : It is situated in the front part of the neck just below the larynx.
(b) Adrenal : It is present as a cap on the top of each kidney.
(c) Pancreas : It is located behind the stomach in the upper left abdomen.
(d) Pituitary : It hangs from the base of the mid-brain below the hypothalamus.
Que-3: Name the following :
(a) Three hormones secreted from islets of Langerhans of pancreas.
(b) Two types of cortical hormones.
(c) Six hormones secreted from anterior pituitary.
(d) Two hormones secreted from posterior pituitary.
(e) The emergency hormone.
(f) Diseases caused due to hypothyroidism.
(g) Symptoms of cretinism.
(h) Abnormalities caused due to hypersecretion of growth hormone.
Ans:
(a) Three hormones secreted from islets of Langerhans of pancreas :
Insulin
Glucagon
Somatostatin
(b) Two types of cortical hormones :
Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
(c) Six hormones secreted from anterior pituitary :
Growth hormone (somatostatin)
Prolactin
Adreno-corticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
(d) Two hormones secreted from posterior pituitary :
Vasopressin
Oxytocin
(e) The emergency hormone :
Adrenaline
(f) Diseases caused due to hypothyroidism :
Simple goitre
Cretinism
Myxoedema
(g) Symptoms of cretinism :
Mental retardation
Dwarfism
(h) Abnormalities caused due to hypersecretion of growth hormone :
Gigantism
Acromegaly
Que-4: Write the main function of each of the following hormones.
| Hormones | Functions |
| (a) Thyroxine | …………………………… |
| (b) Adrenaline | …………………………… |
| (c) Insulin | …………………………… |
| (d) Glucagon | …………………………… |
| (e) Vasopressin | …………………………… |
Ans:
| Hormones | Functions |
| (a) Thyroxine | Regulates the basal metabolism> |
| (b) Adrenaline | Increases heart beat and blood pressure |
| (c) Insulin | Reduces the blood sugar level |
| (d) Glucagon | Increases the blood sugar level |
| (e) Vasopressin | Constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure |
Que-5: Name the hormones responsible for the given functions.
| Functions | Hormones |
| (a) Contraction of uterine muscles during child birth | …………………………… |
| (b) Maintenance of corpus luteum | …………………………… |
| (c) Milk formation and secretion | …………………………… |
| (d) Development of external sex characters in males | …………………………… |
| (e) Stimulation of sympathetic nervous system | …………………………… |
Ans:
| Functions | Hormones |
| (a) Contraction of uterine muscles during child birth | Oxytocin |
| (b) Maintenance of corpus luteum | Luteinizing hormone (LH) |
| (c) Milk formation and secretion | Prolactin |
| (d) Development of external sex characters in males | Testosterone |
| (e) Stimulation of sympathetic nervous system | Adrenaline |
Que-6: If you stand to make your maiden speech before a large audience, your mouth dries up and heart rate increases. What brings about these changes?
Ans:
Adrenaline is the hormone which prepares the body to meet any emergency situation. Adrenaline makes the heart beat faster. At the same time, it stimulates the constriction of the arterioles of the digestive system reducing the blood supply of the digestive system which makes the mouth dry.
Que-7: Given below is a table designed to give the names of the glands, the hormones produced, their chief functions, the effects of over secretion and under secretion in respect of thyroid, pituitary and pancreas. Fill up the blanks 1-13.
| S. No. |
Source Gland cells |
Hormone produced | Chief function | Effect of over secretion | Effect of under secretion |
| 1. | (1) ——– | thy- roxine |
(2) —- | (3)—- | (4)— |
| 2. | Beta cells of Islets of Langerhans | (5) —— | Promotes glucose utilization by the body cells | (6) —- | (7) —— |
| 3. | (8) ——– | Growth hormone | (9) —- | (10) — | Dwarfism |
| 4. | (11) —— | Vaso- pressin |
Increases re- absorption of water from kidney tubules |
(12) ——- | (13) —— |
Ans:
| S. No. |
Source Gland cells | Hormone produced | Chief function | Effect of over secretion |
Effect of under secretion |
| 1. | Thyroid | thyroxine | Regulates basal meta- bolism |
Exoph- thalmic goiter |
Simple goiter, cretinism in children and myxo-edema in adults |
| 2. | Beta cells of Islets of Langerhans |
Insulin | Promotes glucose utilization by the body cells |
Hypo- glycemia |
Diabetes mellitus |
| 3. | Anterior pituitary | Growth hormone | Promotes growth of the whole body |
Gigantism | Dwarfism |
| 4. | Posterior pituitary | Vaso- pressin |
Increases re-absorption of water from kidney tubule |
More concen- trated and less amount of urine |
Diabetes insipidus |
Que-8: Complete the following table by filling in the blanks numbered 1 to 7.
| Gland | Hormone secreted | Effect on body |
| (1) ———– | (2) ——- | Regulates basal metabolism |
| Pancreas (“beta” cells) | (3) ——- | Controls blood sugar |
| (4) ———— | (5) ——– | Increases heart beat |
| (6) ———— | Thyroid stimulating hormone | (7) ———— |
Ans:
| Gland | Hormone secreted | Effect on body |
| Thyroid | Thyroxine | Regulates basal metabolism |
| Pancreas (“beta” cells) | Insulin | Controls blood sugar level |
| Adrenal gland | Adrenaline | Increases heart beat |
| Anterior pituitary | Thyroid stimulating hormone | Stimulates thyroxine secretion |
Que-9: Complete the following table by filling in the blank spaces numbered 1 to 8.
| Gland | Secretions | Effect on body |
| (1)—– | oestrogen | (2) — |
| Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans |
(3) — | (4) — |
| (5) —- | (6) — | Protruding eyes |
| (7) — | (8) — | Gigantism |
Ans:
| Gland | Secretions | Effect on body |
| Ovary | oestrogen | development of secondary sexual characteristics |
| Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans | Glucagon | Raises blood sugar level |
| Thyroid | Hypersecretion of thyroxine | Protruding eyes |
| Anterior pituitary | Hypersecretion of Growth hormone | Gigantism |
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