Endocrine System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter-4 (Endocrine System), Unit-1(Endocrine System of Humans). We Provide Step by Step Answers of Multiple questions, Fill in the blanks, True or False, Match the following, Answer the following questions. Chapter-4(Endocrine System), Unit-1(Endocrine System of Humans). Visit official Website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-8.
Endocrine System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter-4 Unit-1
| Board | ICSE |
| Class | 8th |
| Subject | Biology |
| Book Name | Goyal Brothers |
| Chapter-4 | Endocrine System |
| Unit-1 | Endocrine System of Humans |
| Topic | Solution of exercise questions |
| Session | 2023-24 |
Endocrine System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE
Biology Solutions Chapter-4 Unit-1
Que: I. Multiple choice questions. Tick (√) the correct choice :
1. Chemical control in organisms is brought about by
(a) enzymes
(b) neurons
(c) hormones
(d) all the above
Answer: option (c) hormones is correct.
2. Master endocrine gland is
(a) thyroid
(b) pituitary
(c) pancreas
(d) adrenal
Answer: option (b) pituitary is correct.
3. The hormone thyroxine is secreted by
(a) pituitary gland
(b) adrenal gland
(c) thyroid gland
(d) pancreas
Answer: option (c) thyroid gland is correct.
4. Insulin is secreted by
(a) pancreas
(b) pituitary gland
(c) thyroid gland
(d) adrenal gland
Answer: option (a) pancreas is correct.
Que: II. Fill in the blanks :
1. Hormones are produced by endocrine glands.
2. The master gland in the body is pituitary gland.
3. Adrenal glands are present above the kidney.
4. The hormone insulin is secreted by the pancreas.
5. The hormone thyroxine is secreted by the thyroid gland.
6. Blood pressure is controlled by the endocrine gland called Adrenal gland.
Que: III. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) :
| Statements | True/False |
| 1. Hormones are secreted by ductless glands. | T |
| 2. For hormones to be effective in their actions, they are required in sufficiently large quantities. | F |
| 3. The adrenal gland helps the body to fight stress. | T |
Que: IV. Find the odd-one out, giving reason :
Pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, salivary gland
The odd one out is the salivary gland. Explanation of the odd one out:-
- The salivary gland is an exocrine gland.
- The secretion of the exocrine gland is sent through the duct directly to the target or specific organ.
- The salivary gland releases salivary amylase in the buccal cavity which helps in the breakdown of starch.
Que: V. Name the following :
Question: 1. Five endocrine glands found in human body.
Answer: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands.
Question: 2. Master gland in human body.
Answer: The pituitary gland.
Que: VI. Match the items in Column A with those in Column B :
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Ovary | (a) Growth hormone |
| 2. Thyroid gland | (b) Testosterone |
| 3. Pituitary gland | (c) Estrogen |
| 4. Testes | (d) Thyroxine |
Answer:
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Ovary | (a) Estrogen |
| 2. Thyroid gland | (b) Thyroxine |
| 3. Pituitary gland | (c) Growth hormone |
| 4. Testes | (d) Testosterone |
Que: VII. Define the following :
Question. 1. Hormones
Answer: Hormones are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body. After being made in one part of the body, they travel to other parts of the body where they help control how cells and organs do their work. For example, insulin is a hormone that’s made by the beta cells in the pancreas.
Question. 2. Endocrine glands
Answer: Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands.
Question. 3. Adolescence
Answer: The period of life, when the body undergoes changes, leading to reproductive maturity, is called adolescence. The period of adolescence is normally 11 years to 19 years.
Question. 4. Puberty
Answer: The onset of changes that lead to sexual maturity is called puberty. Puberty is the time when adolescent boys and girls reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproducing. Puberty is a time of fast physical growth that leads to sexual maturity.
Question. 5. Stress
Answer: stress, in psychology and biology, any environmental or physical pressure that elicits a response from an organism. In most cases, stress promotes survival because it forces organisms to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions.
Que: VIII. Answer the following questions :
Question. 1. Describe two characteristic features of hormones.
Answer: Two Characteristics features of hormones:
- They are produced in one organ and influence the functioning of another organ called the target organ.
- A very small amount of hormones is produced and they are destroyed soon after their action.
Question. 2. Draw an outline figure of the human body and show the location of different endocrine glands.
Answer: 
Question. 3. What causes diabetes?
Answer: Type 2 diabetes—the most common form of diabetes—is caused by several factors, including lifestyle factors and genes:-
- Overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity.
- Insulin resistance.
- Genes and family history.
- Insulin resistance.
- Genes and family history.
- Genetic mutations.
- Hormonal diseases.
Question. 4. Which gland secretes insulin?
Answer: The pancreas gland secretes insulin.
Question. 5. What happens when the thyroid gland secretes less hormone?
Answer: When the thyroid gland secretes fewer hormones, your metabolic rate drops.
Question. 6. What changes happen in an adolescent boy’s body under the influence of hormones?
Answer: Changes that occur in an adolescent boy’s body under the influence of hormones are:
- The body becomes taller and thin.
- Shoulders widen.
- The voice becomes deep and hoarse.
- Growth of facial hair and hair in the pubic area and armpits.
- Enlargement of penis and testes.
Question. 7. What changes happen in an adolescent girl’s body under the influence of hormones?
Answer: Changes that occur in an adolescent girl’s body under the influence of hormones are:
- The body becomes curvier.
- Hip bones widen.
- The voice becomes high-pitched.
- Armpits and pubic areas have hair growth.
- Enlargement of breasts and onset of menstruation.
Question. 8. How can you manage stress?
Answer: Here are some healthy ways you can deal with stress:
- Take breaks from watching, reading, or listening to news stories, including those on social media.
- Take care of yourself.
- Take care of your body.
- Make time to unwind.
- Talk to others.
- Connect with your community- or faith-based organizations.
- Avoid drugs and alcohol.
Que: IX. Questions. 1. Name the disease caused by failure of the gland to produce insulin.
Answer: Diabetes:- It occurs when the pancreas fails to produce a sufficient amount of insulin which leads to an increase in glucose level in urine and blood.
Question. 2. Given below is an outline of the human body. Draw and label on the diagram.
(i) The gland that secretes insulin.
(ii) The gland that produces adrenaline
(iii) The gland that secretes thyroxine
Answer: 
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