Excretory System Class 10 Concise Descriptive Ans Selina Solutions Ch-9. In this article you will get the solutions of Descriptive Type Questions as council latest syllabus. Visit official website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-10 Biology.
Excretory System Class 10 Concise Descriptive Ans Selina Solutions Ch-9
| Board | ICSE |
| Subject | Biology |
| Class | 10 |
| Book | Selina Concise |
| Chapter-9 | Excretory System |
| Topics | Solutions of Descriptive Type Questions |
| Session | 2024-25 |
Excretory System: Solutions of Descriptive Type Questions
Que-1: Define the following terms
(a) Excretion
(b) Kidney
(c) Micturition
(d) Osmoregulation
Sol:
(a) Excretion — Excretion is the passing out of substances that have no further use in the body or are harmful.
(b) Kidney — The kidneys are a pair of organs that are found on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage in the back. The Kidneys are powerful chemical factories that perform the following function of removing waste products from the body, filter waste materials out of the blood and pass them out of the body as urine. It also regulates blood pressure and the levels of water, salts and minerals in the body.
(c) Micturition — Urine is expelled from the urinary bladder through the urethra by relaxation of the sphincter muscles located at the opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra under impulse from the nervous system. This process is called micturition.
(d) Osmoregulation — The regulation of osmotic pressure of the blood by regulating its composition (water and electrolyte) is called osmoregulation.
Que-2: Differentiate between
(a) Ureter and Urethra (function)
(b) Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes insipidus (hormones involved)
(c) Glycosuria and Albuminuria (abnormal constituents)
(d) Diuresis and Uremia (problem)
(e) Malpighian capsule and Loop of Henle (location)
Sol:
(a) Difference between Ureter and Urethra (function):
| Property | Ureter | Urethra |
|---|---|---|
| Function | Ureter brings urine from kidneys to urinary bladder. | The urine is intermittently emptied from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body through the urethra. |
(b) Difference between Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes insipidus (hormones involved):
| Property | Diabetes mellitus | Diabetes insipidus |
|---|---|---|
| Hormones involved | Deficiency of insulin | Deficiency of vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) |
(c) Difference between Glycosuria and Albuminuria (abnormal constituents):
| Property | Glycosuria | Albuminuria |
|---|---|---|
| Abnormal constituents | Presence of glucose in urine | Presence of Albumin protein in urine. |
(d) Difference between Diuresis and Uremia (problem):
| Property | Diuresis | Uremia |
|---|---|---|
| Problem | Diuresis results in increased production of urine due to less secretion of ADH. | Uremia is the accumulation of high quantities of urea in blood due to inability of the kidneys to filter out wastes. |
(e) Difference between Malpighian capsule and Loop of Henle (location):
| Properties | Malpighian capsule | Loop of Henle |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Beginning of nephron | Between first and second convoluted tubule. |
Que-3: Give reason:
(a) Excretion is a necessary process of our body.
(b) Why does the cortex of kidneys shows a ‘dotted’ appearance?
(c) We urinate fewer times in summer than in winter and the urine passed is generally thicker.
(d) Why does the medulla of kidneys shows a ‘striped’ appearance ?
Sol:
(a) Excretion is a necessary process of our body as it is necessary to eliminate certain waste and toxic products, such as carbon dioxide, urea etc. When these toxic materials are not removed from the body, they get mixed with blood and can cause poisoning that slows down critical chemical reactions and damage the cells of the body. Hence it is necessary to remove such poisonous waste materials from our body.
(b) The Bowman’s capsule and the proximal convoluted part of all the nephrons lie in the cortex of kidneys giving it a ‘dotted’ appearance.
(c) During summer when the surrounding temperature is high, we lose a considerable part of water through perspiration (i.e., in the form of sweat, direct evaporation, etc.). This means that the kidneys have to reabsorb more water from the urine. Due to this reason, we urinate fewer times in summer than in winter and the urine passed is generally thicker.
(d) Henle’s loops and collecting ducts lie in the medulla of kidneys giving it a ‘striped’ appearance.
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