Excretory System Short Ans Concise Class 10 ICSE Biology Selina Solutions Ch-9. In this article you will get the solutions of Short Answer Type Questions as council latest syllabus. Visit official website CISCE for detail information about ICSE Board Class-10 Biology.
Excretory System Short Ans Concise Class 10 ICSE Selina Solutions
| Board | ICSE |
| Subject | Biology |
| Class | 10 |
| Book | Selina Concise |
| Chapter-9 | Excretory System |
| Topics | Short Answer Type Questions |
| Session | 2024-25 |
Excretory System: Short Answer Type Questions
( Concise Class 10 ICSE Biology Selina Solutions Ch-9 )
Que-1: Write down the functional activity of the following parts:
(a) Glomerulus
(b) Collecting duct
(c) Ureter
(d) Vasa recta
(e) Urethra
Sol:
(a) Glomerulus — The main function of the glomerulus is to filter plasma to produce glomerular filtrate, which passes down the length of the nephron tubule to form urine. It is concerned mainly with the process of ultrafiltration. The liquid part of the blood which is plasma including urea, salts, glucose filters out from the glomerulus into the renal tubule.
(b) Collecting duct — The collecting duct system is the final component of the kidney to influence the body’s electrolyte and fluid balance. It receives the contents of many kidney tubules and pours it as urine in the pelvis of the kidney.
(c) Ureter — It carries urine to the urinary bladder by ureteral peristalsis.
(d) Vasa recta — The vasa recta is a secondary capillary network that branches out of the efferent arteriole. It consists of long, hairpin-shaped blood vessels that run parallel to the loops of Henle. The hairpin turns slow the rate of blood flow, which helps maintain the osmotic gradient required for water reabsorption.
(e) Urethra — Urine is expelled from the urinary bladder through the urethra. This process is called as micturition.
Que-2: Match the items in Column I with those in Column II and write down the matching pairs
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (a) Bowman’s Capsule | (i) Renal artery |
| (b) Contains more CO2 and less urea | (ii) Regulates amount of water excreted |
| (c) Anti-diuretic hormone | (iii) Renal vein |
| (d) Contains more urea | (iv) Glomerulus |
Sol:
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| (a) Bowman’s Capsule | (iv) Glomerulus |
| (b) Contains more CO2 and less urea | (iii) Renal Vein |
| (c) Anti-diuretic hormone | (ii) Regulates amount of water excreted |
| (d) Contains more urea | (i) Renal artery |
Que-3: Fill in the blanks in the following passage to make it a meaningful description
In a nephron, the …………… flows through the …………… under great pressure. The reason for this great pressure is that the …………… (outgoing) …………… is narrower than the …………… (incoming). This high pressure causes the …………… part of the blood to filter out from the …………… into the …………… capsule.
Sol: In a nephron, the blood flows through the glomerulus under great pressure. The reason for this great pressure is that the efferent (outgoing) arteriole is narrower than the afferent arteriole (incoming). This high pressure causes the liquid part of the blood to filter out from the glomerulus into the renal capsule.
Que-4: Name the following
(a) Three nitrogenous wastes of our body.
(b) Three organic wastes of our body.
(c) Three inorganic wastes of our body.
(d) Three main parts of our urinary system.
(e) Six main parts of nephron.
(f) Three stages of urine formation.
(g) Three types of fluids in different parts of a nephron.
Sol:
(a) Three nitrogenous wastes of our body:
- Urea
- Uric acid
- Ammonia
(b) Three organic wastes of our body:
- Urea
- Uric acid
- Creatinine
(c) Three inorganic wastes of our body:
- Common salt (NaCl)
- Iron
- Calcium
(d) Three main parts of our urinary system:
- Kidney
- Urinary bladder
- Ureter
(e) Six main parts of nephron:
- Bowman’s capsule
- Glomerulus
- Renal capsule
- Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
- Henle’s Loop
- Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
(f) Three stages of urine formation:
- Ultrafiltration
- Reabsorption
- Tubular secretion
(g) Three types of fluids in different parts of a nephron:
- Glomerular filtrate
- Glomerular filtrate with glucose and sodium
- Urine
Que-5: Choose the odd one out in each of the following sets and write the category for the remaining terms:
(a) Kidney, ureter, neuron, urethra, urinary bladder
(b) Ammonia, urea, excess sodium chloride, uric acid
(c) Cortex, medulla, loop of Henle, hilum
(d) Glomerulus, collecting duct, papilla, Bowman’s capsule.
Sol:
(a) Odd term: Neuron
Category: Others are parts of the human excretory system.
(b) Odd term: Excess sodium chloride
Category: Others are organic nitrogenous wastes.
(c) Odd term: Loop of Henle
Category: Others are parts of the internal structure of kidney.
(d) Odd term: Papilla
Category: Others are parts of the kidney tubule or nephron.
Que-6: Write full forms of the following abbreviations
(a) PCT: ……………
(b) DCT: ……………
(c) ADH: ……………
(d) ORS: ……………
Sol:
(a) PCT — Proximal Convoluted Tubule
(b) DCT — Distal Convoluted Tubule
(c) ADH — Antidiuretic hormone
(d) ORS — Oral Rehydration Solution
Que-7: Write the exact location of each of the following:
(a) Kidney
(b) Uriniferous tubule
(c) Malpighian capsule
(d) Loop of Henle
Sol:
(a) Kidney — It is located on either side of the backbone and protected by the last two ribs.
(b) Uriniferous tubule — Uriniferous tubule begins in the cortex; the tubule dips down to the medulla, then return to the cortex before draining into the collecting duct.
(c) Malpighian capsule — It comprises of Bowman’s capsule and glomerulus and is located in the kidney tubule.
(d) Loop of Henle — It runs in the medulla to turn back and to re-enter the cortex to continue into the next convoluted region of the tubule.
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