Nervous System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter-5 Unit-1

Nervous System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter-5 Unit-1. We Provide Step by Step Answers of Multiple questions, Fill in the blanks, True or False, Answer the following questions. Chapter-5 (Nervous System), Unit-1(Nervous System of Humans). Visit official Website  CISCE  for detail information about ICSE Board Class-8.

Nervous System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter-5 Unit-1

Board ICSE
Class 8th
Subject Biology
Book Name Goyal Brothers
Chapter-5 Nervous System
Unit-1 Nervous System of Humans
Topic Solution of exercise questions
Session 2023-24

Nervous System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE 

Biology Solutions Chapter-5 Unit-1

Que: I. Multiple choice questions. Tick (√) the correct choice :

1. Nervous system in humans consists of

(a) brain and nerves

(b) brain and spinal cord

(c) brain, spinal cord and nerves

(d) none of the above

Answer: option (c) brain, spinal cord and nerves is correct.

2. Memory and intelligence are controlled by

(a) cerebrum

(b) medulla oblongata

(c) cerebellum

(d) spinal cord

Answer: option (a) cerebrum is correct.

3. Heartbeat and breathing are controlled by

(a) cerebrum

(b) spinal cord

(c) cerebellum

(d) medulla oblongata

Answer: option (d) medulla oblongata is correct.

4. Reflex actions occur under the control of

(a) brain

(b) medulla oblongata

(c) spinal cord

(d) cerebrum

Answer: option (c) spinal cord is correct.

Que: II. Fill in the blanks :

1. Basic structural unit of the nervous system is the Neurons.

2. Central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

3. A neuron consists of cyton, axon and dendrites.

4. The nerves carrying impulses from the brain to the muscles are called motor neurons.

5. Peripheral nervous system consists of spinal nerves.

6. The three main parts of the brain are cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.

Que: III. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) :

Statements True/False
1. Each neuron consists of three parts called cell body, cyton and axon. F
2. The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum. T
3. Cerebellum maintains balance of the body. T
4. There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves. F

Que: IV. Find the odd-one out, giving reasons :

Axon, cell body, dendrite, cerebellum

Answer: Cerebellum is the odd one out as it is apart of brain while rest three are parts of a neuron.

Que: V. Define the following :

Question: 1. Reflex arc

Answer: Reflex arc: It is a shortest pathway for an impulse to travel from the receptor organ via central nervous system to the effector.

Question: 2. Sensory neuron

Answer: Sensory neuron, nerve cell that carries information about changes in external and internal environments to the central nervous system (CNS).

Question: 3. Motor neuron

Answer: Motor neurons are cells in the brain and spinal cord that allow us to move, speak, swallow and breathe by sending commands from the brain to the muscles that carry out these functions.

Question: 4. Neuron

Answer: A cell of the nervous system. Neurons typically consist of a cell body, which contains a nucleus and receives incoming nerve impulses, and an axon, which carries impulses away from the cell body. Also called nerve cell.

Que: VI. Answer the following:

Question: 1. Describe the two parts of the nervous system.

Answer: The nervous system of human has two parts:

1. Central Nervous System (CNS): It consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain lies protected inside the skull while the spinal cord is protected within the vertebral column.

2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): It consists of nerves arising from the spinal cord (spinal nerves) and the brain (cranial nerves). These nerves link the central nervous system with the various body organs.

Question: 2. Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of a neuron.

Answer: Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of a neuron

Question: 3. What are nerves? Mention the types of nerves found in humans.

Answer: Nerves are the fundamental structural and functional unit of the peripheral nervous system. They comprise the fiber- like structures that send and receive the signals between the brain and the body. They contain the nerve cells or neurons that help in signal transduction and processing. The nerve cells transmit motor and sensory information between the PNS and CNS.

There are three types of nerves found in humans:

1. Sensory nerves: These carry impulses from the sense organs to either the spinal cord or the brain. e.g: the optic nerve in the eye and the auditory nerve in the ear.

2. Motor nerves: These carry impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.

3. Mixed nerves: These perform the function of both sensory nerves and motor nerves. They transmit electrical impulses from the central nervous system to muscles of the body.

Questions: 4. Explain the structure of brain.

Answer: The brain is one of the important, largest and central organ of the human nervous system. It is the control unit of the nervous system, which helps us in discovering new things, remembering and understanding, making decisions, and a lot more. It is enclosed within the skull, which provides frontal, lateral and dorsal protection. The human brain is composed of three major parts:

  1. Forebrain: The anterior part of the brain, consists of Cerebrum, Hypothalamus and Thalamus.
  2. Midbrain: The smaller and central part of the brainstem, consists of Tectum and Tegmentum.
  3. Hindbrain: The central region of the brain, composed of Cerebellum, Medulla and Pons.
Questions: 5. Compare the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Answer:

Nervous System Endocrine System
1. Messages are sent through nerve fibers. Messages in the form of hormones are sent through blood.
2. It consists of brain, spinal cord and nerves. It consists of endocrine glands.
3. No hormones are secreted. Messages are sent as impulses. Hormones are secreted by glands regulating the various activities in the body.
4. Transmission of impulse is quick. Transmission takes time.
Questions: Name three parts of brain.

Answer: The brain has three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem.

— : end of Nervous System Class-8th Goyal Brothers ICSE Biology Solutions Chapter-5 Unit-1:–

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